Ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonida o‘quvchilarda tanqidiy fikrlash kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirishning pedagogik imkoniyatlari
Abstract
Mazkur maqolada ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonida o‘quvchilarda tanqidiy fikrlash kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirishning nazariy asoslari va pedagogik imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Tanqidiy fikrlash ma’lumotni shunchaki eslab qolish emas, balki uni anglash, dalillarni tekshirish, turli nuqtayi nazarlarni solishtirish, xulosa chiqarish va o‘z qarorini asoslay olishni qamrab oluvchi murakkab intellektual faoliyat sifatida talqin etiladi. Maqolada ilmiy adabiyotlarni nazariy tahlil qilish, qiyoslash, umumlashtirish va pedagogik modellashtirish usullaridan foydalanildi. Tahlil natijasida muammoli ta’lim, savol-javobga asoslangan muloqot, matn va manbalarni tanqidiy tahlil qilish, munozara, loyiha ishi hamda refleksiyaning o‘quvchilarda dalillash, tahlil, baholash va o‘z fikrini qayta ko‘rib chiqish ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishdagi o‘rni asoslandi. Shuningdek, tanqidiy fikrlashni shakllantirish bir martalik mashg‘ulot emas, balki barcha fanlar mazmuniga izchil singdiriladigan pedagogik jarayon ekanligi ko‘rsatildi. Maqola empirik tajriba natijalarini taqdim etmaydi; undagi xulosalar ilmiy manbalar tahlili va nazariy umumlashtirishga asoslanadi.
Downloads
References
[1] Ennis, R. H. (2018). Critical thinking across the curriculum: A vision. Topoi, 37, 165–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-016-9401-4
[2] Facione, P. A. (1990). Critical thinking: A statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction. The Delphi Report. American Philosophical Association. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED315423
[3] Halpern, D. F. (2014). Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking (5th ed.). Psychology Press.
[4] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2019). PISA 2018 results (Volume I): What students know and can do. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5f07c754-en
[5] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume I): The state of learning and equity in education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en
[6] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume II): Learning during—and from—disruption. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/a97db61c-en
[7] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2024). PISA 2022 results (Volume V): Learning strategies and attitudes for life. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/c2e44201-en
