MILLIY HUNARMANDCHILIK QADRIYATLARI VOSITASIDA O‘QUVCHILARDA TADBIRKORLIK KO‘NIKMALARINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING PEDAGOGIK IMKONIYATLARI
Abstract
Mazkur maqolada milliy hunarmandchilik qadriyatlaridan ta’lim jarayonida foydalanish orqali o‘quvchilarda tadbirkorlik ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishning pedagogik imkoniyatlari nazariy-metodologik jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotning dolzarbligi zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonida o‘quvchini faqat tayyor bilimlarni o‘zlashtiruvchi subyekt sifatida emas, balki mustaqil fikrlaydigan, tashabbus ko‘rsatadigan, mavjud imkoniyatlarni aniqlay oladigan, o‘z g‘oyasini amaliy faoliyatga aylantira oladigan va yaratilgan mahsulot yoki xizmatning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy qiymatini anglaydigan faol shaxs sifatida tayyorlash zarurati bilan izohlanadi. Maqolada tadbirkorlik ko‘nikmasi tushunchasi tashabbuskorlik, ijodkorlik, muammoni aniqlash va hal qilish, imkoniyatlarni ko‘ra bilish, rejalashtirish, resurslardan oqilona foydalanish, moliyaviy savodxonlik, muloqot, hamkorlik, tavakkalchilikni baholash va natija uchun mas’uliyat kabi tarkibiy qismlar asosida talqin qilingan. Milliy hunarmandchilik esa mazkur ko‘nikmalarni shakllantirish uchun real amaliy muhit yaratadigan ta’limiy vosita sifatida qaralgan. Xususan, kulolchilik, kashtachilik, zardo‘zlik, yog‘och o‘ymakorligi, naqqoshlik, atlas va adras to‘qish kabi hunarlarning texnologik jarayonlari o‘quvchilarda mahsulot yaratish, uning sifatini baholash, dizayn va bozor talablarini hisobga olish, tannarxni aniqlash, mahsulotni taqdim etish va sotish jarayonlarini modellashtirish imkonini beradi. Tadqiqotda kompetensiyaviy, faoliyatga yo‘naltirilgan, milliy qadriyatlarga asoslangan, amaliy va loyiha-ta’lim yondashuvlarining o‘zaro integratsiyasi taklif etilgan. Shuningdek, milliy hunarmandchilik asosida tadbirkorlik ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishning pedagogik modeli, uning bosqichlari va baholash mezonlari yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari hunarmandchilikni mehnat ta’limi, texnologiya, tasviriy san’at, iqtisodiy bilim asoslari va boshqa amaliy fanlar bilan integratsiyalashgan holda tashkil etish o‘quvchilarning tadbirkorlik kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirish uchun samarali pedagogik sharoit yaratishini ko‘rsatadi.
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