MEHNAT MIGRATSIYASI VA UY XO‘JALIKLARI DAROMADLARI O‘RTASIDAGI BOG‘LIQLIK
Abstract
ushbu maqolada mehnat migratsiyasi va uy xo‘jaliklari daromadlari o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlik O‘zbekiston sharoitida tizimli hamda institutsional yondashuv asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi mehnat migratsiyasining uy xo‘jaliklari daromadlari hajmi, tarkibi, barqarorligi va qayta taqsimlanish mexanizmlariga ta’sirini aniqlashdan iborat. Tadqiqotda BMT, XMT, Jahon banki, O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy banki va Milliy statistika qo‘mitasining ochiq ma’lumotlari, shuningdek, O‘zbekiston bo‘yicha maxsus analitik hisobotlar ikkilamchi manba sifatida qo‘llanildi. Tahlil natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, mehnat migratsiyasi uy xo‘jaligi daromadlarini faqat miqdor jihatdan oshiruvchi hodisa emas, balki daromad manbalari tarkibini o‘zgartiruvchi, iste’molni silliqlashtiruvchi, kambag‘allik xavfini kamaytiruvchi va mintaqalar kesimida notekis ta’sir ko‘rsatuvchi murakkab ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy mexanizmdir. O‘zbekistonda 2024-yilda transfert daromadlar jami aholi daromadlarining 26,0 foizini, xorijdan kelgan pul o‘tkazmalari esa jami daromadlarning 16,5 foizini tashkil etgani, 2025-yil yanvar–sentabr holatiga ko‘ra bu ko‘rsatkich 21,5 foizga yetgani mehnat migratsiyasi uy xo‘jaliklari farovonligida strukturaviy omilga aylanganini ko‘rsatadi. Maqolada mehnat migratsiyasi–daromad bog‘liqligi to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri emasligi, u valyuta kursi, mehnat bozori sharoiti, migrantning huquqiy maqomi, pul o‘tkazmasi kanallari, uy xo‘jaligining demografik tarkibi va hududiy xususiyatlar orqali vositalanishi ilmiy asosda yoritiladi.
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